A savings box (savings can, more rarely: Savings pot, more particularly also: Piggy bank) is a container for saving coins through simply bringing in through an a throw slot planned for it. Taking of the saved one is regularly difficult or required even by a catch against it (with many ceramic(s) savings doses) smashing the object.

History

Savings doses have a close purchase to money history and for the history of private saving. They have a social and culture-historical meaning particularly for the time, when an account saving was not yet possible.

Greek and Romans

One of the earliest savings containers originates from that 2. Century v. Chr. and in Priene (middle Ionien in today's Turkey) during the excavation of a house one found. It is copied from a Greek treasure temple and possesses an a throw slot for coins in the Giebelfeld of the temple. Such a treasure house was called "“Thesauros"”. This word was taken over to the Roman languages and later either for the designation of the treasure container or the treasure absolutely. It was passed also to savings doses and become in the German linguistic usage finally the term "“safe deposit"”.

The number of the savings dose finds from the Roman realm is extraordinarily large. The characteristic type was "“pear-shaped"” with the Romans from burned clay/tone and as the simplest result of a

The Middle Ages

From the Middle Ages above all iron, schlossbehangene savings doses outlasted the time. Partially it acts thereby also around collectors of medieval guilds and Bruderschaften to the purpose of the arm care and other aspects of charity. As common materials however clay/tone and other kinds of ceramic(s) were further usually used. Also one finds animal forms increasing as savings doses.

Particularly admits and likes is to today piggy bank. The pig applies already since in former times time as and symbol of the fertility, usefulness and being sufficient SAMness. Oldest piggy bank found in Germany originates from Billeben in Thuringia and becomes in 13. Century dates. At the same time that decreases/goes back piggy bank to a misunderstanding from the English linguistic usage: there were made of a material mixture, which had the designation "“pygg"” from (thus "“pig"”) became then later "“pig"” - piggy bank resulted thus from a linguistic was misunderstanding-used also the take precautions-rubbing thing squirrel, the gold donkey, to that luck ladybirds bringing, the wise elephant, the sitting the hen (savings chicken), on the nest, and many further animal species. A savings dose form usual since the antiquity is the straw hive as symbol for industrious, untiring collecting of the bees.

Baroque

In the baroque time we find savings doses for the first time also as precious articles of high artistic importance, so e.g. from finest Delfter porcelain. Also the sponsorship savings doses, which were admired in the time Rococo, the Empire, above all however in the conventional Meier, in historicism and in the time of art nouveau in the middle class as baptizing gifts (frequently with engraving the baptizing date, of initials etc.), are often artful Juwelierarbeiten from silver with ornamentalen ornaments and a small padlock provide. Outstanding here above all the work is Viennese silver silberschmiede of the Biedermeier period. A popular form was in particular the with handle, that in the course of the time increasingly even in simpler execution from industrieller small-batch manufacturing (usually, german silver silvers) to be more favorably acquired could and with broader layers of the population in mode came in such a way.

Modern savings cans

Particularly in the USA, in addition, in England and Germany, became in 19. and 20. Century a large number of mechanical savings doses develops (and partially also patented), with which by Einwurf of a coin or on push of a button a mechanism was shifted in motion. The anglo American mechanical savings doses are predominantly manufactured from cast irons (cast iron), while the Germans were made primarily of lithographed sheet metal. The savings box won by the toy character of the object also for the toy industry at interest and for approximately 1890 to the goods repertoire of well-known toy manufacturers (brothers Bing, Geobra, Felix leave, to Saalheimer & bunch, Michael Seidel) was taken up. Also under the "“Pfennig articles"”, which was penny of Toys, savings doses represented.

About over 1920 began savings banks, later also banks, systematically with the expenditure of home savings doses (usually home savings cartridges in simple-elegant steel plate design), particularly for the saver drawing of the children and/or to the Kleinstsparen. For these savings doses in the passbook usually a pledge note was registered as security against loss and damage, it was borrowed - at least at first - thus and belonged further spending Kreditinstitut, who kept also the suitable key to open. Since 1925 home savings doses were distributed particularly on the occasion of the world savings daily to potential customers in the child and school age - often also in connection with the school saving -.

Intended purposes

The credit institutes also today still use the savings box for the purpose of the advertisement. In addition, advertising savings doses are used and of numerous other enterprises gladly than saying property and mentality mediators, in order to make attentive on the thoughts of saving money for the acquisition of a certain subject-matter. Today these savings doses are particularly made of plastic.

The savings box is in the present in the long run only more the Relikt of a moral practice than symbol of the idea of saving; meanwhile it became the collection article.

Literature

• Tyll Kroha: Savings cans. A Brevier. Braunschweig 1959
• Hans's Peter Thurn: The culture of the thriftiness. Saving and savings doses from two thousand years. 2. Edition, Stuttgart 1991

Left

• Savings dose collection by Lothar Graff
• Savings doses in the vault Kemnade, Bochum
• Savings dose collecting tank combination EMBC
• The roofridge worldwide piggy bank homepage

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